Comparison

Singapore vs Japan

Side-by-side comparison of how these places approach childhood.

At a glance

Singapore

In Singapore, a child's primary school placement can depend on their parents' volunteer hours.

Education is the national obsession โ€” and the system to access it starts before kindergarten.

Japan

In Japan, six-year-olds ride the Tokyo subway alone.

A culture of collective responsibility and meticulous safety infrastructure makes child independence possible in one of the world's largest cities.

Indicators side by side
Under-5 mortality rate
2.5
Singapore
2.3
Japan
per 1,000
Education spending (% of GDP)
2.8%
Singapore
3.4%
Japan
%
Child poverty rate
n/a
Singapore
13.9%
Japan
%
Corporal punishment
Legal in schools for boys
Singapore
Banned
Japan
Childcare enrollment (0-2)
56%
Singapore
53%
Japan
%
Paid parental leave
16 wk
Singapore
58 wk
Japan
weeks
Child stunting rate
4.4%
Singapore
7.1%
Japan
%
Immunization (DPT3)
97%
Singapore
99%
Japan
%
Adolescent birth rate
2.7
Singapore
3.1
Japan
per 1,000
PISA average score
575
Singapore
536
Japan
points
Secondary completion rate
98%
Singapore
99%
Japan
%
Early childhood education enrollment
99%
Singapore
90%
Japan
%
Birth registration rate
100%
Singapore
100%
Japan
%
Child labor rate
0%
Singapore
0%
Japan
%
Child benefit spending (% of GDP)
1.1%
Singapore
1.6%
Japan
% of GDP
How they compare
Child independence expectations
Singapore
Japan
Low High
Structured enrichment emphasis
Singapore
Japan
Low High
Risk tolerance in play
Singapore
Japan
Low High
School systems
East Asian model (modified)

Singapore

Bilingual education (English + mother tongue) is mandatory. The Primary School Leaving Examination (PSLE) at age 12 is a national event that streams students into different tracks.

East Asian model

Japan

Academic rigor balanced with group harmony. Students clean their own classrooms and serve lunch. The school year starts in April. Cram schools (juku) supplement formal education for 60%+ of students by middle school.

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โ† Singapore profile ยท Japan profile โ†’