Comparison

Japan vs Singapore

Side-by-side comparison of how these places approach childhood.

At a glance

Japan

In Japan, six-year-olds ride the Tokyo subway alone.

A culture of collective responsibility and meticulous safety infrastructure makes child independence possible in one of the world's largest cities.

Singapore

In Singapore, a child's primary school placement can depend on their parents' volunteer hours.

Education is the national obsession โ€” and the system to access it starts before kindergarten.

Indicators side by side
Under-5 mortality rate
2.3
Japan
2.5
Singapore
per 1,000
Education spending (% of GDP)
3.4%
Japan
2.8%
Singapore
%
Child poverty rate
13.9%
Japan
n/a
Singapore
%
Corporal punishment
Banned
Japan
Legal in schools for boys
Singapore
Childcare enrollment (0-2)
53%
Japan
56%
Singapore
%
Paid parental leave
58 wk
Japan
16 wk
Singapore
weeks
Child stunting rate
7.1%
Japan
4.4%
Singapore
%
Immunization (DPT3)
99%
Japan
97%
Singapore
%
Adolescent birth rate
3.1
Japan
2.7
Singapore
per 1,000
PISA average score
536
Japan
575
Singapore
points
Secondary completion rate
99%
Japan
98%
Singapore
%
Early childhood education enrollment
90%
Japan
99%
Singapore
%
Birth registration rate
100%
Japan
100%
Singapore
%
Child labor rate
0%
Japan
0%
Singapore
%
Child benefit spending (% of GDP)
1.6%
Japan
1.1%
Singapore
% of GDP
How they compare
Child independence expectations
Japan
Singapore
Low High
Structured enrichment emphasis
Japan
Singapore
Low High
Risk tolerance in play
Japan
Singapore
Low High
School systems
East Asian model

Japan

Academic rigor balanced with group harmony. Students clean their own classrooms and serve lunch. The school year starts in April. Cram schools (juku) supplement formal education for 60%+ of students by middle school.

East Asian model (modified)

Singapore

Bilingual education (English + mother tongue) is mandatory. The Primary School Leaving Examination (PSLE) at age 12 is a national event that streams students into different tracks.

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โ† Japan profile ยท Singapore profile โ†’