Comparison

Japan vs Saudi Arabia

Side-by-side comparison of how these places approach childhood.

At a glance

Japan

In Japan, six-year-olds ride the Tokyo subway alone.

A culture of collective responsibility and meticulous safety infrastructure makes child independence possible in one of the world's largest cities.

Saudi Arabia

In Saudi Arabia, gender-segregated education begins at age 7 โ€” boys and girls in separate schools.

Gender separation in schooling reflects deeply rooted cultural and religious norms, though Vision 2030 reforms are rapidly modernizing curriculum content and teaching methods.

Indicators side by side
Under-5 mortality rate
2.3
Japan
6.6
Saudi Arabia
per 1,000
Education spending (% of GDP)
3.4%
Japan
5.6%
Saudi Arabia
%
Child poverty rate
13.9%
Japan
n/a
Saudi Arabia
%
Corporal punishment
Banned
Japan
Not fully banned
Saudi Arabia
Childcare enrollment (0-2)
53%
Japan
8%
Saudi Arabia
%
Paid parental leave
58 wk
Japan
10 wk
Saudi Arabia
weeks
Child stunting rate
7.1%
Japan
4.9%
Saudi Arabia
%
Immunization (DPT3)
99%
Japan
98%
Saudi Arabia
%
Adolescent birth rate
3.1
Japan
7.2
Saudi Arabia
per 1,000
PISA average score
536
Japan
389
Saudi Arabia
points
Secondary completion rate
99%
Japan
83%
Saudi Arabia
%
Early childhood education enrollment
90%
Japan
23%
Saudi Arabia
%
Birth registration rate
100%
Japan
94%
Saudi Arabia
%
Child labor rate
0%
Japan
2%
Saudi Arabia
%
Child benefit spending (% of GDP)
1.6%
Japan
0.5%
Saudi Arabia
% of GDP
How they compare
Child independence expectations
Japan
Saudi Arabia
Low High
Structured enrichment emphasis
Japan
Saudi Arabia
Low High
Risk tolerance in play
Japan
Saudi Arabia
Low High
School systems
East Asian model

Japan

Academic rigor balanced with group harmony. Students clean their own classrooms and serve lunch. The school year starts in April. Cram schools (juku) supplement formal education for 60%+ of students by middle school.

Centralized Islamic model

Saudi Arabia

School starts at age 6. Primary lasts six years, intermediate three, and secondary three. Boys and girls attend separate schools from grade 1. Islamic studies and Arabic are core subjects at every level. English is introduced in grade 4.

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โ† Japan profile ยท Saudi Arabia profile โ†’