Comparison

Japan vs Philippines

Side-by-side comparison of how these places approach childhood.

At a glance

Japan

In Japan, six-year-olds ride the Tokyo subway alone.

A culture of collective responsibility and meticulous safety infrastructure makes child independence possible in one of the world's largest cities.

Philippines

In the Philippines, the word for babysitter barely exists โ€” there's always a tita or lola nearby.

Filipino kinship networks are among the densest in the world โ€” a child may have dozens of functional aunts and uncles through both blood and the compadre system.

Indicators side by side
Under-5 mortality rate
2.3
Japan
26.5
Philippines
per 1,000
Education spending (% of GDP)
3.4%
Japan
3.6%
Philippines
%
Child poverty rate
13.9%
Japan
26.4%
Philippines
%
Corporal punishment
Banned
Japan
Banned
Philippines
Childcare enrollment (0-2)
53%
Japan
3%
Philippines
%
Paid parental leave
58 wk
Japan
15 wk
Philippines
weeks
Child stunting rate
7.1%
Japan
26.7%
Philippines
%
Immunization (DPT3)
99%
Japan
69%
Philippines
%
Adolescent birth rate
3.1
Japan
44.6
Philippines
per 1,000
PISA average score
536
Japan
356
Philippines
points
Secondary completion rate
99%
Japan
65%
Philippines
%
Early childhood education enrollment
90%
Japan
72%
Philippines
%
Birth registration rate
100%
Japan
91%
Philippines
%
Child labor rate
0%
Japan
5.5%
Philippines
%
Child benefit spending (% of GDP)
1.6%
Japan
0.3%
Philippines
% of GDP
How they compare
Child independence expectations
Japan
Philippines
Low High
Structured enrichment emphasis
Japan
Philippines
Low High
Risk tolerance in play
Japan
Philippines
Low High
School systems
East Asian model

Japan

Academic rigor balanced with group harmony. Students clean their own classrooms and serve lunch. The school year starts in April. Cram schools (juku) supplement formal education for 60%+ of students by middle school.

K-12 bilingual model (post-2013 reform)

Philippines

The K-12 system introduced in 2013 added two years of senior high school. Instruction uses mother-tongue based multilingual education in early grades, transitioning to Filipino and English. The school year runs June to March to accommodate typhoon season.

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โ† Japan profile ยท Philippines profile โ†’