Comparison

Costa Rica vs New Zealand

Side-by-side comparison of how these places approach childhood.

At a glance

Costa Rica

In Costa Rica, 'pura vida' isn't just a greeting โ€” it's a parenting philosophy prioritizing happiness over achievement.

Costa Rica consistently ranks among the happiest countries despite modest GDP โ€” and its child-rearing culture reflects that emphasis on well-being over competition.

New Zealand

In New Zealand, barefoot children are normal everywhere โ€” schools, shops, streets.

Going barefoot reflects a relaxed, outdoors-first culture where children are trusted to explore freely and physical toughness is quietly encouraged from a young age.

Indicators side by side
Under-5 mortality rate
8.6
Costa Rica
4.3
New Zealand
per 1,000
Education spending (% of GDP)
6.7%
Costa Rica
5.0%
New Zealand
%
Child poverty rate
17.4%
Costa Rica
14.0%
New Zealand
%
Corporal punishment
Banned
Costa Rica
Banned
New Zealand
Childcare enrollment (0-2)
6%
Costa Rica
44%
New Zealand
%
Paid parental leave
17 wk
Costa Rica
26 wk
New Zealand
weeks
Child stunting rate
5.6%
Costa Rica
n/a
New Zealand
%
Immunization (DPT3)
93%
Costa Rica
92%
New Zealand
%
Adolescent birth rate
47.0
Costa Rica
14.5
New Zealand
per 1,000
PISA average score
411
Costa Rica
501
New Zealand
points
Secondary completion rate
68%
Costa Rica
85%
New Zealand
%
Early childhood education enrollment
78%
Costa Rica
96%
New Zealand
%
Birth registration rate
100%
Costa Rica
100%
New Zealand
%
Child labor rate
4.1%
Costa Rica
0%
New Zealand
%
Child benefit spending (% of GDP)
1.0%
Costa Rica
2.2%
New Zealand
% of GDP
How they compare
Child independence expectations
Costa Rica
New Zealand
Low High
Structured enrichment emphasis
Costa Rica
New Zealand
Low High
Risk tolerance in play
Costa Rica
New Zealand
Low High
School systems
South American public model (high-investment)

Costa Rica

Costa Rica abolished its army in 1948 and redirected spending to education and healthcare. Public education is free and compulsory from age 4 through secondary. The school year runs February to December. English instruction begins in first grade in most public schools.

Anglo-Pacific model

New Zealand

School starts at age 5. The curriculum (Te Marautanga) integrates Maori language and values. Primary runs to year 8, secondary to year 13. Decile-based funding directs resources to lower-income schools.

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โ† Costa Rica profile ยท New Zealand profile โ†’